Zenit 12xp aperture and focusing

Zenit 12xp aperture. The selected aperture of the lens against the index mark by turning the setting ring aperture 33. If the unit is equipped with a lens HELIOS-44M, "pre-set diaphragm mode selector switch to position "A". Set the aperture when shooting with self-timer, has some special features, as described in the section "Photographing the self-timer."

Zenit 12xp focusing. Zenit 12xp camera viewfinder has Fresnel lens 35, in the middle of which there are two devices Focusing: microraster 36, located in the middle of the field, and an annular ground glass 37.

Observing the subject, turning the focus ring to obtain the sharpest images on microraster 36 or in the circular ground glass. To achieve the sharpest tip-off is recommended for a fully open aperture. The best sharpness is obtained when the image can be seen clearly and without ripples in the microraster. Paul matte used mainly at micro and macro, or at small apertures, when microraster loses its sensitivity. Focusing can be done without looking through the viewfinder. To do this, rotate the focusing ring 32, set against the large scale of 30 index value of the distance from the subject being taken to the film. Small index, denoted by the Latin letter "R", used when shooting in infrared photographic material. If you are removing the infrared material, fallen upon the sharpness of microraster or matte surface, make the amendment, setting the value obtained distance against the index, denoted by the letter "R".

After focusing, using a scale of 30 and 31, can determine the distance from the film to the front and rear boundaries of field. For example: the lens is focused at a distance of 3 m and the aperture value, which will be used, is that "8". In this case, the scale 31 against two-digit "8" scale 30 can be read that the image is sharp from 2,3 to 4,5 m.

The approximate boundaries of the depth of field for a given set aperture ring 33 can be determined visually. To do this, after setting the lens aperture zadiafragmirovat pressing the shutter button till a definite stop, and looking through the viewfinder eyepiece to estimate the image sharpness in the opaque ring of your Zenit 12xp.